How is conflict portrayed in Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Essay Example For Students

How is struggle depicted in Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet? Paper Shakespeares depiction of contention is apparent in an assortment of ways. The crowds impression of the enthusiastic and physical clash depends on the language of the characters, character activities and the differentiating scenes mirroring the differentiating clashes. Good, enthusiastic, strict, social and private power struggle are completely communicated and investigated through the play. How fruitful has Shakespeare been in examination these types of contention for impact on the crowd? Romeo and Juliet is an awful show that comprises of a few components of satire, sentiment and disaster. The play was composed by William Shakespeare supposedly between the years 1591 and 1596 and was first imprinted in 1597. The story was at that point entrenched in the Elizabethan period and was acquainted with the English crowd by the artist Arthur Brooks from his adjustment of Pyramus and Thisbe. A few subtleties and parts of Shakespeares play have been straightforwardly joined from Brooks sonnet and such appointment of different stories and utilization of existing material is normal for Shakespeare. The portrayal and the consistent utilization of differentiating pictures of chaos, love, profound respect and associations with society, religion and family would speak to the crowd through its utilization of unfortunate ruin, human obliteration and connection of humankind to deplorable activity. The general population or social foundations that either expressly or verifiably contradict the presence of their affection remember families and the arrangement of familial force for the dad, law and want for open request, religion and the social significance submitted on the manly request. These cultural foundations give a deterrent to Romeo and Juliet and consolidate to make a significant clash for the couple. There are a few shows joined into Shakespeares plays, poems and writings. The shocking legend was generally utilized and was an aristocrat of thriving and status. By and large, the character had some ethical shortcoming or irregularity which in the long run prompted their enthusiastic or physical destruction. A few instances of these are Macbeth and his desire, Romeo and his feelings and Othello and his envy. Another show that was reliably utilized was a character that was answerable for reestablishing or keeping up request even with troublesome or anarchic conduct (Prince Escalus and Theseus) and a figure that spoke to such confusion and unsettling influence (Mercutio, Tybalt, Bottom and Pluck). Outside impacts, for example, destiny and powerful were likewise included, and the destruction of an honest is obvious are a few of his plays, including Mercutios, Banquos and Desdemonas passing. A philosophical angle is likewise every now and again utilized, including issues and topics such close to home personality, the significance of adoration in human presence and the intensity of language to help or frustrate correspondence. The depiction of contention using explicit language is recognizable in Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet. The utilization of absolute opposite and ironic expressions communicates and misrepresents strife through its utilization of immediate or precise restrictions and conflicting expressions. The complexity among light and dull is a reliable visual theme and is utilized to give a tactile difference and a proposal of restricted other options. A case of such light and dim symbolism is clear in act 3 scene 5, when ousted Romeo stays with Juliet and imagines that it is still night and the gentility is the obscurity: More light and light, progressively dim and dim our hardships. The resistance of destiny and choice and the certainty of foreordained activity are likewise tended to a few times in the play to make an idea that penetrates and impacts the crowds view of the occasions. The initial scene in Romeo and Juliet states that the couple are star crossed sweethearts and that a force vested in the development of the stars commands their movement. The characters familiarity with the presence of destiny can be deciphered through the characters consistent dreams and signs. Upon the updates on the passing of Juliet, Romeo shouts: at that point I resist you, stars! what's more, fortifies the idea that the adoration among Romeo and Juliet is contrary to the pronouncements of predetermination. It would then be able to be commented on that the fight between the group of Montague and Capulet, Friar Lawrences intend to rejoin the couple and the deplorable planning of Romeos self destruction and Juliets arousing were signs that drew out the unavoidable result of the d arlings demise. Subject Of Love In Romeo And Juliet EssayThe clashes that Mercutio oversees all through the play incorporate savage clash, outrage and the significance of manly respect. Shakespeares change of scene differentiates and differentiating types of physical and enthusiastic clash is obvious all through the play and claims to the crowd through the instigation of animated and energized reactions. In act 1 scene 1, there is an awakening physical clash between the Montague and Capulet family unit which intentionally draws in the crowds consideration and gives foundation data on the family competition. The initial scene of the play sets up a lion's share of the significant subjects and presents the significance of manly respect in Verona, where a man must shield his regard at whatever point it is violated verbally or genuinely against. This idea of manly respect exists in all the divisions of the social progressive system and acts a chief reason for the physical and rough clash in the play. The foundation of contention between the two families and affections for one another is legitimately drawn closer in this scene and promptly make a cultural clash for Romeo and Juliet. After the sovereign shows up and founds capital punishment for any one who upsets the harmony again in the boulevards of Verona, the stakes for letting private enthusiasm overpower open temperance ascends to another level and results in the expulsion of Romeo. The Princes cautioning likewise initiates a superior comprehension of the seriousness of the contention and gives the crowd with an acknowledgment of the familial clash among Romeo and Juliet. In the principal scene of act 3, there is a development to battling and lethal viciousness that outcomes in the passing of Mercutio and Tybalt and an accentuation of manly world wherein ideas of respect, pride and status are inclined to eject in an anger of contention. The peril of the plays social condition is a sensational device that is consolidates by Shakespeare produce a sentiment that increasingly defenseless to savagery and confusion. Romeo acknowledges the duties upon him by the social organizations of respect and family obligation through his utilization of the term womanly, which is applied by the open universe of respect upon those things it doesn't regard. The appearance of the Prince brings about the expulsion of Romeo to save the open tranquility of Verona. The Prince reluctantly foils the adoration for the couple, and the relationship of Romeo and Juliet places Romeo at risk for rough retaliation from both Juliets family and the state. In act 3 scene 5, the topic of language versus reality happens again as Juliet claims that the warbler is genuinely the songbird and that the day has not yet occurred for. In the encounter with her folks after Romeos takeoff, Juliet ousts the male centric force structure natural in Renaissance families. The contention against the familial intensity of the dad is one of the basic challenges for Juliet. The resistance of her dad communicates her development increased through her relationship and sexual involvement in Rome. Her refusal to wed Paris gives understanding on her restricted powers and turns into an essential explanation of the resulting disaster. In the last demonstration, the passings of Romeo and Juliet happen in a succession of intensifying stages. All through the play, Shakespeare has held up the chance of self destruction as an intrinsic part of serious and emotional love and thinks about this self-destructive motivation as a component as much piece of it as the sentimental elation. The twofold self destruction in the play speaks to the satisfaction of adoration and the reckless motivation that has flooded and flexed underneath their affection. Juliet attempts to execute herself with a kiss: a demonstration of affection proposed as viciousness. At the point when this comes up short, she wounds herself with an upbeat blade, cheerful in light of the fact that it reunites her with her affection. This outcomes in viciousness being the last deed of significant love.

buy custom The Work of an Information Technology essay

purchase custom The Work of an Information Technology article Crafted by an Information Technology proficient spotlights on the utilization of innovation in building up an association with data administrations. The work involves organizing, establishment of reinforcement or recuperation frameworks, space arrangement, and equipment establishment. Work with regards to an It proficient in a college involves giving foundation administrations to the organization. A portion of these administrations incorporate task the board, connecting clients to IT administrations and procedure improvement, for example, an Information Technology Infrastructure Library. The fundamental point of an IT proficient in such an establishment is to guarantee that sound framework connects the associations specialized and administration structure along these lines; give a favorable situation to learning. Its effect work can be found in the improvement of viability of administration conveyance to understudies and staff, a significant aspect in hierarchical turn of events (Mar ilu, Kathleen Keith 2006). The result of the work led by IT experts involves investing amounts of energy on all individuals from the association to move in the direction of improving hierarchical activities. This will empower the association to serve its understudies and staff while satisfying its strategic vision. These tasks must be accomplished if the data innovation frameworks are all around introduced and worked. Data security is the one of the key difficulties confronting IT experts. Each individual is utilizing the web to misuse openings and rsources that accompany it. Be that as it may, there are additionally individuals and associations who have as of now spelt fate for the IT calling. Programmers utilize a similar web to assault and cut down data frameworks having a place with different associations. Previously, organizations depended on IT proficient in overseeing PC, data, and system security. The expanding danger to the frameworks has constrained organizations to recruit data security work force to help in dealing with all security issues. The other test is that IT specialists need to experience further preparing than before. They must be prepared in designing security and activities the board among other complex issues that encompass data touchy associations. IT specialists must be educated in the novel advancements utilized in web based business. Most associations grasp these new advancements without realizing that even the programmers are creating novel methods of hacking. New frameworks are of key enthusiasm to programmers since most associations are not familiar with their activities. It is fundamental to take note of that, an IT proficient needs to think ahead, conceptualize any possible danger like extortion, and moderate it. Online business segment contains Business-to-Business endeavors and Business-to-Customer. The issue of system security is a major issue to the IT experts. Trojans, worms and infections can be sent through steady messages, spam, and messages that may seem, by all accounts, to be of no damage to numerous individuals and associations. IT experts have numerous open doors in the Information Technology segment. One can prepare as an IT data master and his work will be to recognize any danger to the data frameworks of an association. IT experts can likewise utilize their abilities to construct frameworks that are programmer confirmation and offer to a few associations. On a similar line, they can exploit the information in their field and use it to build up online business exercises that will gain them salary. In reality advancement, for example, in Kansas University, IT experts have set up a data frameworks that empowers the college to accomplish its objectives. Data administrations conveyance has been exceptionally viable particularly with the set up of a data framework library that is being used by the two understudies and staff. The structure of data administrations at the college empowers understudies to get to administrations, consequently the making of an authoritative learning framework. The difficulties at the University include defending the data frameworks from programmers (Sambamurthy, Brown, 1999). The systems have additionally to be ensured since hacking may harm the entire system. The open doors include functioning as a data security master to alleviate the dangers presented by programmers. As I would like to think, the IT field is brimming with numerous open doors for understudies who mean to contemplate this field. One can fill in as a data security master, plan frameworks that are programmer confirmation or start an online business endeavor. Purchase custom The Work of an Information Technology article

23 Mental Health Apps for Stress, Anxiety, and More

23 Mental Health Apps for Stress, Anxiety, and More July 17, 2019 How Stress Impacts Your Health Overview Signs of Burnout Stress and Weight Gain Benefits of Exercise Stress Reduction Tips Self-Care Practices Mindful Living In This Article Table of Contents Expand Best for Meditation Best for Stress Best for Mindfulness Best for Depression Best For Anxiety Best for Productivity/Habits While most mental health practitioners probably wouldnt advise people spend more time with their smartphones, there are some apps that can turn screen time into time well-spent. These apps provide tools for people looking to improve their lives. Some are designed to help those struggling with issues like depression, anxiety, or PTSD, while others are based on positive psychology and aim to increase focus, happiness, and calm through mindfulness and meditation. If you are struggling with your mental health, it is important to first seek help from a doctor, psychologist, or mental health practitioner. These apps are not meant to be a substitute for face-to-face care. But, they could be a great supplement to therapy, or a super-convenient strategy for someone looking to start new, healthier habits. Here, find some of the best apps in the mental health space. Best for Meditation Headspace Headspace is a great and simple app for both beginning meditators looking to learn as well as more advanced meditators who want to deepen their practice. It offers meditation series that address various topics, like anxiety, stress, sleep, and physical exercise. It has a wide array of features including “sleepcasts,” which are unique, soothing audio experiences to help you drift off, 2-3-minute mini meditations to help you quickly achieve a mental shift, “SOS” meditations designed to help you during moments of intense stress or emotion, and educational animations to clearly explain and demonstrate mindfulness and meditation topics. Cost: $12.99 per month or $94.99 for a yearDownload  here for AppleDownload  here for Android Insight Timer More than six million people use the free meditation app Insight Timer. It offers courses on how to meditate, a fan-favorite meditation timer (for those who prefer unguided meditations), and more than 15,000 guided meditations (including for sleep) with renowned teachers like Tara Brach, Jack Kornfield, Thich Nhat Hanh, and Kristin Neff. It will also track your progress and streaks with neat charts. What type of meditation works best for you is incredibly personal, and this app is great for people who are still figuring out what sorts of meditations they prefer and the types of voices and guides that are most beneficial to them.   Cost: Free or $9.99 per month for premium subscriptionDownload  here for AppleDownload  here for Android Smiling Mind Smiling Mind was the brainchild of two mindfulness and meditation enthusiasts in Australia. They set out to make mindfulness and meditation accessible to everyone, whatever their budget, and wherever they might be. All you need is 10 minutes a day.  This app offers guided meditations for adults and kids, for use at home, at school, and even at work. Cost: FreeDownload  here for AppleDownload  here for Android INSCAPE INSCAPE has a brick and mortar meditation studio in New York City, but regardless of where you are in the world, with its app, you can focus on the areas in your life that you’re most looking to improve. Depending on whether you’d like to de-stress, sleep better, boost your confidence, or be more efficient at work, INSCAPE will suggest a practice that will be most beneficial to your goals. Sessions include breathing exercises, guided positive visualizations, meditations, and more. Cost: $12.99 per month/$58.99 per yearDownload  here for AppleComing soon  here for Android Best for Stress Stop, Breathe, Think This app was created by the folks at the nonprofit Tools For Peace, which teaches mindfulness and meditation to inner-city teens. Developed for adults, teens, and kids, it is perfect when for when you’re overwhelmed by intense emotions like anxiety, stress, sadness, or anger. When you notice intense feelings arise, you can turn to the app, and it guides you through the practice of stopping, calming your mind and body through breathing, observing your thoughts, and then participating in a short meditation. Cost: $9.99 per month/$59.88 per yearDownload  here for AppleDownload  here for Android Calm An Apple Best of 2018 award winner, Calms offerings run the gamut from Master Classes (on things like creativity and holistic health) and guided videos on stretching, to sleep stories (think soothing bedtime stories for grownups) and meditation series that address specific areas in life, like anxiety, focus, self-esteem, and self-care. There are meditations for college students and meditations and sleep stories for kids as well. Each day, there is a new “Daily Calm” meditation with a different theme, and you can track the number of days and minutes you meditate. Cost: $12.99 per month/$69.99 per yearDownload  here for AppleDownload  here for Android Aura This app pairs your current mental state with the best meditation or relaxation strategies to help you reduce stress and anxiety as well as increase happiness. Aura offers guided meditations, relaxing nature sounds, short stories to redirect your worrying mind, tranquil music, a place to note things you’re grateful for, and more. Cost: Free or Premium Membership for $11.99/month or $59.99/yearDownload  here for AppleDownload  here for Android PTSD Coach Created by the Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD and the U.S. Department of Defense National Center for Telehealth and Technology, PTSD Coach is designed to assist people who suffer fromâ€"or who may suffer fromâ€"post-traumatic stress disorder. It offers a self-assessment to help determine whether you may be suffering from PTSD, resources on how to reach out and get professional care, and tools to help manage the stresses of day-to-life. There are relaxation exercises and activities to help with anger management as well as positive self-talk. Cost: FreeDownload  here for AppleDownload  here for Android Best for Mindfulness Happier Happier was created to be a “personal mindfulness coach,” and to help you observe and regulate your emotions throughout the day, while maximizing joy, peace, and happiness. It offers inspirational quotes, meditation exercises, a place to record things for which you’re grateful, courses on happiness and well-being, and an opportunity to communicate with likeminded people who are also using the app. Cost: Free, with in-app purchasesDownload  here for AppleThis app is not yet available for Android The Mindfulness App The aim of The Mindfulness App is to make the practice of mindfulness accessible to everyone. Research has shown that many of the benefits of mindfulness and meditation happen with a consistent practice, but many people struggle to remember or make time each day. This app offers gentle reminders throughout the day, guided meditations for both experienced and novice meditators (as well as those in between), and timers for those who prefer silent meditation. Cost: Free, or $9.99/month and $59.99/year for premium membershipDownload  here for AppleDownload  here for Android 10% Happier: Meditation This app, which claims to be “for fidgety skeptics,” was created by Dan Harris, a broadcast journalist and the author of the book,  10% Happier. The app aims to demystify meditation and offers simple hacks to help aspiring meditators follow through. There are how-to videos, guided sessions geared towards topics like anxiety and political stress, advice for how to maintain a regular meditation practice as well as how to apply the lessons learned in mindfulness throughout your day. Cost: Free or premium membership for $9.99/month and $99.99/yearDownload  here for AppleDownload  here for Android Buddhify Instead of taking time out of your day to meditate, Buddhify aims to seamlessly weave meditation into your life wherever you areâ€"both physically and emotionally. All of the meditations offered, which range from just four minutes up to 30 minutes, are categorized so that you can find the perfect one for the moment you’re in. There are sessions that are great for walking or taking a break from work, others for when you may be feeling intense anxiety, and more still for when you are trying to go to sleep. There are also meditations that can be done with other peopleâ€"like friends, family, or coworkersâ€"and you can also send meditations to people who you think might benefit from one, even if they don’t have the app. Cost: $4.99, with optional membership at $29.99Download  here for AppleDownload  here for Android Best for Depression Happify Designed to help you “overcome stress and negative thoughts,” and “build resilience,” Happify helps you to identify patterns, become conscious of your thoughts and feelings, and begin to steer your mind and behaviors towards happiness. Based on positive psychology research, mindfulness, and cognitive behavioral therapy, Happify offers fun and interesting exercises, activities, and games that help train your mind and get you practicing patterns that generate positive feelings. Cost: Free, Happify Plus Membership is $14.99/month or $139.99/yearDownload  here for AppleDownload  here for Android What’s Up? This app, which is based on the principles of cognitive behavioral therapy, was created to help people struggling with depression. It can also help those who are dealing with anxiety, stress, anger, and other issues, as it helps to identify thought patterns that lead to negative feelings and offers up alternate ways of thinking during tough times. It offers features like relaxing breathing techniques, a journal to keep track of thoughts and moods, guided exercises to help you feel grounded, and other inspirational materials. Cost: Free, but offers in-app purchasesDownload  here for AppleDownload  here for Android Pacifica Based on mindfulness meditation and cognitive behavioral therapy, this app is designed to help people dealing with depression, anxiety, and stress. Pacifica helps users to identify thought and behavior patterns that lead to negative feelings and then helps you to reframe those thoughts and change behaviors to help you live a life closer to the one you want. Through the app, you can track your moods, do breathing exercises and meditations, set daily challenges and long-term goals, connect with Pacifica’s peer support community, explore different self-help strategies, and track your progress. Cost: $8.99/month or $53.99/year  Download  here for AppleDownload  here for Android MoodTools MoodTools offers the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to help you determine if you are suffering from depression, and then track the severity of your symptoms over time. It offers activities to boost your mood, helpful videos (like TED talks and meditations), a place to record and keep track of your moods and feelings, as well as a feature that helps you develop a wellness and safety plan for times of crisis. Cost: Free, Pro-Mode Membership is $4.99/month or $29.99/yearDownload  here for AppleDownload  here for Android Best For Anxiety Breathe2Relax Breathe2Relax teaches diaphragmatic breathing or “belly breathing,” a technique that encourages full oxygen exchange and has been shown to lower the heart rate, lower blood pressure, and help relieve stress. This type of breathing can help people who are experiencing panic, anxiety, PTSD, or anger. The app features videos, reading materials, and ways for users to track their progress. Cost: FreeDownload  here for AppleDownload  here for Android Panic Relief Panic Relief is designed to help in the midst of high anxiety or a panic attack. Through short cartoons, the app guides you through the sensations that accompany panic and helps you to stay calm during an attack. The app offers various resources to help you to understand what is happening in your body during a panic attack as well as activitiesâ€"like breathing and relaxation exercises, as well as positive visualizationâ€"to help you to soothe and calm yourself, and in some cases, stave off some symptoms. Cost: FreeDownload  here for AppleDownload  here for Android Brain.fm Depending on what type of mental state you are looking to achieve, Brain.fm uses auditory neuroscience to tailor a playlist of AI-generated tunes to help you get there. Whether you are looking to focus, fall asleep, meditate, or relax, the makers of this app say you will achieve the results you want within 15 minutes. Cost: $6.99 for 1 month, $15.99 for 3 months, $49.99 for 1 yearDownload  here for AppleDownload  here for Android Best for Productivity/Habits Fabulous: Motivate Me Rated one of the best self-care apps by Apple in 2018, this app educates, motivates, and inspires you to achieve the goals you’ve set while tracking your progress. Through research on how to break unhealthy habits and establish healthier ones, this app claims to be able to help you reset your patterns and routines in 19 days. From struggling to pop out of bed in the morning to managing stress, focus, and establishing productive routines, this app is ready to help you ditch what’s not serving you and do more of what is. Cost: $9.99/month, $95.99/yearDownload  here for AppleDownload  here for Android HabitBull Whether you’re trying to break a caffeine habit or are trying to establish new, healthy patterns like exercising or meditating, HabitBull will help you track it. Once you are able to clearly see the patterns in your life, it will be easier to address them head on. With inspiring quotes, charts of your progress, reminder notifications, and easy-to-see streaks, this app helps hold you accountable to the goals you’ve set while motivating you to achieve them. Cost: Free, premium access for $4.99Download  here for AppleDownload  here for Android Productive Productive is a clear, simple app that helps you to set goals and routines and track your progress. It offers users help in breaking negative habits and forming new, healthier habits. Users can specify what time of day they want to partake in a particular activity, for how long, and how often, and the app shows users their successful streaks, sends them motivating reminders, and charts their growth. Cost: Free, but offers in-app purchases and upgradesDownload  here for AppleThis app is currently unavailable on Android Streaks This visually striking app won an Apple design award in 2016. With a clear and bold interface, Streaks helps you track the consecutive daysâ€"or streaksâ€"on which you successfully don’t engage in negative habits and do follow through with new, positive behaviors. Streaks monitors your progress and motivates you to continue on to reach your goals. Cost: $4.99Download  Here for AppleThis app is currently unavailable on Android

Counseling Services For A Counselor - 1565 Words

Individual Assignment 1. There are times a counselor might need to decline to provide counseling services to some clients/students who request them. a) In what circumstances might this be appropriate and ethical and how should that process be handled by the counselor? b) When would it be unethical for a counselor to decline to provide services? Support each response with a minimum of 3 relevant ACA and/or ASCA codes and the textbook. a) There are several times that a counselor might need to decline to provide counseling services. If a counselor is not competent in a specific area, has determined distance counseling is ineffective, and/or has been engaged in a previous sexual or romantic relationship with an individual counselors should not engage in, or continue, counseling services. Counselors also should not enter into counseling relationships with friends or family. ACA A.11.a Competence Within Termination and Referral If counselors lack the competence to be of professional assistance to clients, they avoid entering or continuing counseling relationships. Counselors are knowledgeable about culturally and clinically appropriate referral resources and suggest these alternatives. If clients decline the suggested referrals, counselors discontinue the relationship. ACA H.4.d. Effectiveness of Services When distance counseling services are deemed ineffective by the counselor or client, counselors consider delivering services face-to-face. If the counselor is not able toShow MoreRelatedCounseling993 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction to Counseling Written Assignment # 1 I. What is professional counseling? Discuss the most recent trends in counseling. Professional counseling is a service provided voluntary and confidential with the focus on the developmental, situational problems of individuals of all ages and culture. Professional counselors help individuals to make decisions and resolve conflicts. Counselors provide service on different settings like the workplace, schools, colleges and other placesRead MoreThe Origins Of Clinical Mental Health Counseling1458 Words   |  6 PagesThe profession of counseling has a rich and bold history, evolving through the years from varied disciplines and birthing diverse specialties and branches along the way. Often referred to as the youngest of the counseling specialties is clinical mental health counseling. Despite physical health’s grasp on the nation, mental health has been a major focus at various times throughout history and continues to become an ever growing concern for people in general. As people come to better understand mentalRead MorePrimary Functions Of The Professi onal School Counselor846 Words   |  4 PagesWhat are the primary functions of the professional school counselor? Functions of the school counselor have changed throughout the decades (Dollarhide Saginak, 2012). To support the current school reform movement, school counselors focus on standards that students should be able to accomplish because of their participation in a school counseling program (Wilkerson, 2010). It is suggested that these standards help to support students’ ability to be ready to learn (Wilkerson, 2010). Through theRead MoreCode Of Ethics And State Board Counseling Laws920 Words   |  4 Pages Professional counselors and their staff are exposed to sensitive client information and records. The helpful receptionist and whose privilege videos, show how to apply both the American Counseling Association Code of Ethics (ACA Code of Ethics) and state board counseling laws to common ethical scenarios. The content explores aspects designed to call attention to favorable and unfavorable skills and techniques in handling such matters. These two videos demonstrate the limitati ons of confidentialityRead MoreExploring Ethical Codes and Possible Ethical Issues in Responding Therapy Clients through E-Mail921 Words   |  4 Pagesfound responding to clients via email as â€Å"high quality service†, I believe that responding via email could become controversial while discussing therapeutic issues. There are several ethical codes that address the use of electronics. While using electronics one must inform the client of the limitations, and risks. In Section H of the ACA Code of Ethics booklet, the H.4.a. Benefits and Limitations section (p. 18) reads, â€Å"Counselors inform clients of the benefits and limitations of usingRead MoreEthics And Code Of Ethics1359 Words   |  6 Pagesethics will individualize these professionals and set standards. By making yourself aware of the differences, communication can become easier between employees of various backgrounds. Two particular organizations to compare may include the American Counseling Association Code of Ethics and National Association of Social Workers Code of Ethics. To address the similarities and differences of the two organizations, it’s important to know what a code of ethics represents. An overall mission of an organizationRead MoreCode of Ethics Essay1288 Words   |  6 Pagesof the organizations, specifically the client, counselor, and organization. Concerning the standards of a counselor, their ethics are not only provided by the laws of the state or their practice, but also outside sources who present basic values and regulations of ethical standards in their code of ethics. This paper will look at two specific associations: the American Counseling Association (ACA) and the American Association of Christian Counselors (AACC). The purpose of this paper is to discussRead MoreSchool Counselor1707 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction â€Å"Counselors assist people with personal, family, educational, mental health, and career decisions and problems† (â€Å"Counselors† 1). â€Å"While helping students plan for college and careers is part of their job, a guidance counselor’s overall function is to talk to students, give advice, listen to problems, help students develop coping skills and learn to become good problem-solvers and decision-makers on their own† (â€Å"Guidance Counselors†). Specifically, school counselors play a major roleRead MoreComponents Of The Asca National Model860 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to the American School Counseling Association (ASCA), the â€Å"purpose of the school counseling program is to impart specific skills and learning opportunities in a proactive, preventive manner, ensuring all students can achieve school success through academic, career, and personal/social development experiences† (Oberman Studer, 2011, p. 1). The ASCA National Mo del is used by school counselors to show devotion to student success (ASCA, n.d.-c, p. 1). The four components of the ASCA NationalRead MoreCounseling: Helping Clients Find Solutions Essay1345 Words   |  6 PagesCounseling can be viewed as relationship between two individuals, a counselor and a client, with the aim of helping the client overcome a problem or reduce adversary/suffering .In this relationship, the assumption is that the client is in a problem and needs assistance, while the counselor is experienced and possesses unconditional positive regard to the client (Colin J. S Graham U. 1994).Therefore, counseling may also be regarded as a helping profession because it aims at helping the clients deal

Poverty and the Prevalence of Heart Disease - 2109 Words

Poverty and the Prevalence of Heart Disease Throughout the history of the United States, two things have always afflicted this great nation: inequality and disease. They have always had an effect on each other, as diseases have affected those from lower classes differently from those from upper classes. In our modern U.S. society, we face a specific disease, heart disease, which is now the leading cause of death in the United States and is part of a complex system of social problems (Center for Disease Control). The main social problem is the higher prevalence of heart disease among the poor than the non-poor. This social problem has lead me to the following research question: in the United States, how is poverty associated with the prevalence of heart disease? To answer this question I will define heart disease, why it is an issue needing our attention, and whom it specifically affects. I will then delve into the many social mechanisms that facilitate this trend and show how they all work together to create an environment in which the poor are more likely to deal with heart disease than the non-poor. The mechanisms involved are individual and institutional, meaning that they operate and would have to be addressed at either the individual or institutional level. The individual focused mechanisms include smoking, physical inactivity, obesity, factors from early in life, and mental factors. The institution focused ones include quality of healthcare and lack of access toShow MoreRelatedHealth D isparities: American-Indians and Diabetes1679 Words   |  7 Pagesobesity. The environment therefore plays a significant role in T2D etiology and efforts to control its prevalence tend to focus on lifestyle changes (Yates, Jarvis, Troughton, and JaneDavies, 2009, p. 1-2). For example, improved diet and exercise programs have been shown to reduce the risk of disease by 50% to 90%. Since the environment plays a dominant role in determining disease prevalence, other factors such as cultural differences, socioeconomic status, and educational achievement would alsoRead MoreEpidemiology of Smoking688 Words   |  3 PagesSmoking is the number one preventable risk and cause of disease and death. Tobacco kills more people than car crashes, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and alcohol, drugs, suicides and murders combined, and effects smokers and nonsmokers alike. A nonsmoker on average lives 13 to 14 years longer than a smoker does. Although we have made strides in reducing the prevalence of smoking in the country, it is still an important problem tha t continues to cause morbidity and mortality. SecondhandRead MorePublic Health Policy Evaluation And Treatment Of Overweight And Obesity1451 Words   |  6 Pages Public Health Policy Evaluation Benedictine University Susanna Johnson Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults. National Heart, Lung and blood Institute. 1998. Surgeon General’s Call to Action. Heart Disease, the number one cause of death in the United States, as well as Stoke (4th) and Diabetes the 7th leading cause of death all have a common denominator; Obesity (CDC). All of these statistics have continued toRead MoreImproving The Mortality And Morbidity Of Cardiovascular Disease980 Words   |  4 Pages1. Innovation to improve the mortality and morbidity of cardiovascular disease in developing countries may involve new surgical procedures, new implants and pacemakers, coronary artery bypasses, surgical treatments for Atrial fibrillation, repair of congenital heart defects, heart transplants, aortic arteries repair, replacement or repair of heart valves, and aneurysm repair (Hsieh, Chang, Lee, Chen, Chan, 2012). Moreover, the innovation involves the integration of computer charting and data collectionRead MoreTV Series Unnatural Causes: A Review1743 Words   |  7 Pagesalert. One of these hormones is cortisol. Cortisol is a home that helps the body by reestablishi ng energy supplies, enhancing memory as well as the immune system. This hormonal activity in the body halts digestion and raises blood sugar level, the heart pumps faster filling the muscles (Rubin, Peplau, Salovey, 1993). However, although it is normal, chronic stress can be detrimental to human health. Prolonged stress leads to high levels of corticosterois, decline of the nervous system and the secreationRead MoreThe Link Between Population Growth And World Health1329 Words   |  6 PagesThese projections illustrate possible courses of population change, and are based on assumptions about future births, deaths, and net international migration. Incidence and prevalence of chronic disease; in the last half century there has been a steady increase in the incidence and prevalence of chronic inflammatory diseases with a further increase expected. A number of factors are to blame according to the Marshall Pathogenesis. The misuse of antibiotics is to blame, especially Beta-lactam antibioticsRead MoreBenefits Of Good Oral Hygiene Essay1709 Words   |  7 Pagessevere consequences in people with cardiovascular disease (CHD) due to the bacteria and periodontal diseases found in gums that enter the bloodstream and thus, into the heart, causing atherosclerosis. Another outcome of poor dental care is the increased risk of bacteria from gingivitis, called spirochetes, entering the brain through the bloodstream. This can eventually lead to the progression of Alzheimer’s disease or dementia. Periodontal disease and gum inflammation the inflammation of gums canRead MoreEssay On St. Louis1597 Words   |  7 Pagesrisk factors suc h as smoking is 15 percent, obesity is 27 percent and sedentary lifestyle is 22 percent, which are comparatively low prevalence compared to the United States average. According to the Community Health Improvement plan of June 2014 the major health disparities were cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes (Health department, 2014). Heart disease and cancer accounted for 40 percent of the deaths in the city (Health department, 2014). Objectives were implemented in the CommunityRead MoreCurrent Theory, Methods And Intervention Strategies1422 Words   |  6 Pages000 residents. For the purpose of this paper, I have chosen Webb County due to the fact it has the highest prevalence of diabetes in my home state of Texas (Direct links to health-related data, 2015). The population of Webb County is over ninety five percent Hispanic (Webb County QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau, 2015) and this demographic consistently ranks the highest for the prevalence of diabetes at almost dou ble the rate of their Caucasian counterparts (American Diabetes Association, 2013)Read MoreThe Republic Of Macedonia And Its Effects1117 Words   |  5 Pageshas been struggling but has made multiple efforts to better itself. The most predominant issues that Macedonia faces is with its economy. As of a census taken in 2015, Macedonia has a twenty-seven percent unemployment rate and its poverty rate is at about a 22% poverty rate. The average yearly income is approximately $12,000 with many having difficulty maintaining their lifestyle. To combat this the government has invested heavily in technology and set a flat tax rate to bring companies and business

Evolution in Biology Free Essays

The evolution of life on Earth has resulted in many hundreds of thousands of species. Genetic evidence reveals that humans share a common ancestor with life forms as different from us as bacteria and corn plants. In early 1800s, the source of Earth’s remarkable diversity of life forms was hotly disputed. We will write a custom essay sample on Evolution in Biology or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many people believed that all species had come into existence at the same time in the distant past. In 1831 Charles Darwin sailed to South America, and during the long Atlantic crossing Darwin studied geology and collected marine life. During tops along the coast and at various islands, he observed other species of organisms in environments ranging from sandy shores to high mountains. Darwin’s melding of his observations of the natural world with the ideas of others led him to propose that evolution could occur by way of a process called natural selection. The history of life on Earth spans nearly 4 billion years. It is a story of how species originated, survived or went extinct, and stayed put or spread into new environments. Microevolution is the name for cumulative genetic changes that may give rise to new species, Macroevolution is the name for the large-scale patterns, rends, and rates of change among groups of species. An individual fish, flower, or person does not evolve. Evolution occurs only when there is change in the genetic makeup of whole populations of organisms. In biology, a population is a group of individuals of the same species occupying a given area. In theory, the members of a population have inherited the same number and kinds of genes. These genes make up the population’s gene pool. Mutation is harmful when it alters a trait such that an affected individual cannot survive or reproduce as well as other individuals. For example, for us humans, small cuts are common. By contrast, a beneficial trait improves some aspect of an individual’s functioning in the environment and so improves chances of surviving and reproducing. A neutral trait, such as attached earlobes in humans, doesn’t help nor hurt survival. Darwin formulated his theory of evolution by natural selection by correlating his understanding of inheritance with certain features of populations. In 1859 he published his ideas in a classic book, On the Origin of Species. We can express the main pints of Darwin’s insight as follows: 1. The individuals ofa population vary in their body form, functioning, and behavior. 2. Many variations can be passed from generation to generation. 3. In every set of circumstances, some versions ofa trait are more advantageous than others. 4. Natural selection is the difference in survival and reproduction that we observe in individuals who have different version of a trait. 5. A population is evolving when some forms of a trait are becoming more or less common relative to the other forms. 6. Over time, shifts in the makeup of gene pools have been responsible for the amazing diversity of life forms on Earth. Natural selection is not the only process that can adjust the relative numbers of different alleles in a gene pool. This kind of gene pool tweaking is called genetic drift. The makeup of a gene pool also can change as individuals migrate into or out of a populations genetically similar. For humans and other sexually reproducing organism, a species is a genetic unit consisting of one or more populations of organism that usually closely resembles each other physically and physiologically. This buildup of genetic differences between isolated populations is called divergence. When the genetic differences are so great that members of the two populations can’t interbreed, speciation has occurred: the populations have become separate species. How to cite Evolution in Biology, Papers

Program Planning and Evaluation

Table of Contents Introduction Program Description Needs Assessment and Rationale Program Goals and Objectives Program Implementation Program Evaluation References Introduction Program planning is an indispensable responsibility of field workers. Program planners not only plan but also implement, monitor and evaluate the impact of their programs.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Program Planning and Evaluation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Waterston, (1965), program development is viewed as an ongoing process that consist of a study of the situation, thinking about long range and immediate objectives and choosing learning experiences that would be constructive as far as the target audience is concerned. On his part, Kettner, Moroney and Martin (2008) viewed program planning as the process of constructing various actions to shed light to community development. Blair (1998) does not divert fro m the views of Kettner, Moroney and Martin since he defines program planning as a set or a number of related events that portray some needed actions aimed at achieving certain objectives over a specified time. In his view, objectives show what are to be attained. The same objectives can be revised as new knowledge is generated. Knepper (2010)argues that there are a number of factors that must be considered when designing a program. Firstly, the planner must work with the lay advisory committee. Again, the program planner should explore and describe the general situation of communities being planned for. Other factors include identification of problem areas and their prioritization, stating of objectives, preparation of a program document including work plans and finally monitoring and evaluation of the program. From the above information, it is evident that a good program requires careful planning whereby the planner should set goals and objectives, evaluate the effectiveness of the program, implement its tenets and monitor the implementation process. Program planning is not an easy task hence it is imperative for a project planner to come up with various techniques that would help him or her counter the challenges associated with implementation. In this paper, the planner would wish to introduce an online help center where clients could acquire information pertaining to community services.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Program Description With the emerging technologies the world, Skype has turned out to be a new phenomenon in the cyber world. In fact, it is almost a necessity, just like the email address. In this proposal, the planner intends to use the tool in relaying information to the locals as regards to health, especially mental health. The planner would set up the Skype center so that people with mental problems can easily seek for advises . The service is very efficient since it permits the planner to communicate with the locals without any difficulty. It has an advantage over the local phones since it transmits both analog and digital information without any interruptions. For this reason, the planner will have to register an account with the service provider in order to make calls with other registered users. For this case, community members would be encouraged to open accounts with the service provider for easier communication (Glauser, 2011). The service has one more advantage, which is related to the cost. It is relatively cheap as compared to other means of communication. This would suit the wishes of the planner since this program suffers from funding. The terms of payment for Skype service is friendly to the user since an individual goes for the one that best suits him or her. Community members would be comfortable reporting their health problems without necessary using many resources. The transportation cost s would be reduces since the community members use money to seek advisory services regarding their health. However, the planner would need initial capital to put up structures that would house employees. Communication equipments would also be installed. Needs Assessment and Rationale There are two concepts that are central in the process of planning. These include planning and projects. In the preparatory phase of any project, the planner aspires to establish various stages that are critical in the project planning. Each stage has its own importance. Stage one entails a decision to adopt planning. The planner needs to establish this in advance before proceeding to fulfill any other task.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Program Planning and Evaluation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The subsequent stage is the organization for planning stage. This stage is only arrived at after the planner has adopted the pro gram. In the second stage, the planner would consider coming up with a program that would suit the demands of the audience, which is provision of information regarding health and mental awareness information. For this to happen, the planner establishes the work force and determines how much resources are available to accomplish the task. For the Skype program, the planner would need adequate resources for financing website formation and advertising the same site through the social media such as yahoo and twitter. The third stage in need assessment and rationale would be setting goals, objectives and targets. The performance of the program is measured in terms of its ability to achieve goals and objectives that are set for it. Goals are abstract and specify what planning should ideally achieve in the medium and long term. Based on the Skype program, goals would be both short-term and long-term. On the other side, objectives are more precise implying that they are operational statemen ts that represent specific steps necessary in attaining chosen goals. They are different from goals since they are specifically achieved in a shorter period. Progress toward their attainment can be measured and evaluated. Targets are least specific since they are clear statements about what should be achieved over a given time period. It should be noted that in advance that goals, objectives and targets change, especially in the medium to long-term. As implementation, monitoring and evaluation go on; they generate new lessons that help in changing these stages in the planning cycle. At the third stage, the planner needs to assess various variables that may affect project implementation. Each goal and objective should be rationalized, implying that a sensible reason should be given for its existence (Celotta, Sobol, 1983). The fourth assessment need entails data collection and analysis. This implies that in project planning and evaluation, collection and analysis of data is vital ow ing to the fact that planning is a decision-making process and decisions are made based on certain information.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the Skype program, the planner needs to establish how much information is available and how much is needed to kick-start the program. Conyers (1982) distinguishes data from information in project planning and evaluation. Data in this case refers to factual information to be collected from health respondents while information would refer to data that is useful in decision-making. Information is very important in project planning because of three main reasons. One is that it helps in showing development needs and problems. Again, the planner would identify and evaluate alternative courses of action as regards to health problems affecting the community. Finally, information provides feedback about the impact of those courses of actions during and after implementation. Since some data is required before any significant planning starts, data collection is one of the first steps in planning and implementation of the program. The type of data collected should show the relationship betwe en different factors in the planning and implementation process. This is because planning seeks to ensure changes in a given situation. For this case, the health conditions of people would be improved since adequate information would be provided. Furthermore, identifying the sorts of data needed and that are able to provide information required for planning is another key stage. The planner should assess the type and amount of data required in designing the program. In this community, many planning decisions are made without adequate information owing to high costs of data collection and scarce resources. Due to this problem, the planner should decide on the data required, analyze the same data and apply it in planning. Subsequently, a number of methods are used in data collection. Unlike agricultural planning that utilizes natural research surveys, this Skype program would use social surveys. This means that the researcher would aspire to conduct a detailed survey as regards to soc io-economic statuses of individuals in the community. Due to limited resources, the researcher would utilize sampling method where a small population is used to represent the views of the entire community (Hassan, Kamarudin, Ahmad, Baki, 2009). The fifth assessment task would be related to project appraisal, what is popularly termed as Ex-ante. In this section, it further elucidated that one task of the planner is to facilitate identification of alternative courses of action. This implies identification of various alternative ways of working toward the chosen project goal. Once the ways or means have been identified, they have to be appraised or assessed. This calls for identification of advantages of different courses of actions. Economists carry out the appraisal by calculating the financial costs and benefits of different options. The main technique used is cost-benefit analysis. Other appraises include environmental impact assessment (EIA) and social impact assessment (SIA). Th ese techniques would also be applied in assessing the effectiveness of the Skype program in providing relevant information to the community regarding health and mental fitness. Project appraisal aims at obtaining critical information that can be utilized by the decision maker to decide which course of action to embrace (Barreto, 2004). A term trade-offs id frequently used, which means choosing between different alternatives that is, arriving at a compromise where a certain option is dropped in favor of another one that would increase the chances of achieving project goals and objectives. An appraisal aims at proving information on a number of important implications of planning. It concerns itself with factors such as the nature and amount of resources to be deployed, the nature and scale of effects produced, where the effects occur and who is affected, and finally the relationship between resources deployed and effects produced. Social impact appraisal is commonly utilized in sociol ogy to determine the effects of a program to the lives of people. Social impact assessment is not focused on attaching money values to costs and benefits. Friedman and Schrieber (2008) suggests that Social Impact assessment deals with four major categories, including demographic (population, labor, displacement and relocation of persons), social economic (income changes and employment patterns), institutional (demands on local and administrative services), and psychological/community factors (social networks, integration and cohesion). Conyers and Hills emphasize the before and after studies of social impact of development projects. They argue that social impact appraisal should seek to achieve certain goals and achievements. The SIA should attempt to predict the likely positive and negative social effects of a project and consider them in the planning process. The SIA should also examine the social cultural conditions in the project area and identify those to be considered in the p lanning process in order to maximize social benefits. Finally, the scholars commented that the SIA should identify what kind of social services and facilities are to be included in the project design in order to meet social requirements of people and minimize social disruption that often occurs in such projects. Cochrane noted that project managers should bear in mind cultural factors and consider them in project design. He outlined various factors, which should be considered in such SIA. These factors include identification of social groups, patterns of social organizations, belief system, wealth forms and patterns of mobility. Program Goals and Objectives To understand program goals and objectives, the planner utilizes a logical framework. A logical framework is a tool used in preparation of a project document or proposal. Conyers (1982) observes that a logical framework refers to as a concept that describes the main aspects of a project, otherwise referred to as program goals and objectives. The tool summarizes key features of a project and provides a planner with a visual and comprehensive view of the project. It can also be seen as a tool that is used in the design of a project and provides a basis for its monitoring and evaluation. There are two major advantages of a logical framework. One of them is that it provides a vision of what the project seeks to achieve that is, it visualizes various aspects of the project and what it seeks to achieve. Furthermore, it provides a basis for the project’s monitoring, evaluation, review and impact assessment. The components of the logical framework include goals, purposes, outputs, activities, verifiable indicators and means of verification. Furthermore, the tool may consist of risks and assumptions. A goal is a high-level objective meaning that it is broad and is achievable in the end. It may be termed the mission or main objective of the project (Olsen, 2004). The purpose is what the project seeks to achiev e meaning the accomplishments, also known as the main aims or specific objectives. The purpose of shows why the project is being undertaken. It describes the impact that is desired or what is to be changed because of delivering project outputs. Purposes are usually outside the control of the project planner. In other words, they are responsible for producing a set of results. Various activities in the logical framework are shown in the format below. Title: Introduction of Skype program in Cochise County Arizona Lifespan: Two years Phasing: Implementation will start in one location at the beginning of the First Year and be expanded to three locations in the Second Year. Three hundred households will be covered in the First Year and 900 in the Second Year Type of Project: Community-based seeking to empower local people to prevent metal illnesses. Logical Framework Matrix Narrative Summary Verifiable Indicators Means of Verification Risks/assumptions Goal: Increase people’s awareness of mental diseases and their readiness to take preventive measures and seek curative services Purpose: Expose people to sources of information about metal diseases and their prevention, as well as their curative services Local people sensitized Awareness increased Prevention measures taken Visits to health facilities by mental patients increased Project reports Direct observation of preventive measures Records at health facilities Project funded Project supported by authorities Outputs: Project site selected Indigenous control measures identified Number of HHs carrying out preventive measures increased Number of mental patients visiting health facilities increased Mental health awareness seminars and meetings held Mental health tests Direct observation of the geographic location of the project Preparation of the list of indigenous practices Identification of the number of persons carrying out preventive practices Health center statistics of mental cases Project reports Households will be willing to participate in the project Activities: Reconnaissance visits Baseline survey Training workshops, meetings and tours Questionnaire Checklists Seminars, meetings and tours Project reports Adequate funds will be available Program Implementation Implementation refers to the whole process of translating broad policy goals and objectives into visible results in the form of specific actions. It refers to what happens after the actions required to achieve specific objectives have been identified and affected. Conyers and Hill refer to implementation as the process of converting resources such as materials, technology, and funds into goods and services, which support behavioral change in the beneficiary groups. Planners role in this process is that of mobilizing, organizing and managing the resources needed to undertake the actions specified in the plans. According to Secret, Abell and Berlin (2011), the planner must perform t he following activities. One of them is to know what to do, ensure availability of required resources, have the ability to assemble, control and manage these resources to achieve what is desired and finally be able to communicate to others involved in the implementation. Overall, effective implementation is very demanding since many things can go wrong. A work plan is a tool utilized by planners in the implementation process. The work plan is a simple tool that provides answers regarding what is to be done, where will the project take place, when would the planner kick start the project, and how the project will be implemented. Pennig (2006) views it as an annual document that outlines the activities to be conducted with people in order to accomplish the objectives of a program. What is clear is that the work plan must be related to the objectives of the project. In other words, it is a guide for daily actions. In the introduction of the Skype program for callers to obtain help onli ne, the planner would identify what is to be done and who would be responsible in order to implement the program successfully. A decision is to be made about which projects are to be programmed including calling rates. For a successful implementation, the planner would have to consult community members charged with delivering services to the people. This is because there are no adequate resources for project implementation. During implementation, the planner would encourage participants to speak their minds freely, contribute their experiences and raise objectives where necessary, without fear. Since the program is complex and very expensive, the planner would encourage community members to think about the forthcoming implementation process carefully. The planner would encourage callers to think about resources needed in the implementation, how the program would be implemented, the timing of the program, possible bottlenecks and credibility of the program (Langlois, Hallam, 2010). In a number of cases, quantifiable targets are to be discussed, agreed upon and written down. Completion indicators such as events and outputs showing the operations are entered in the right hand column of the work plan chart. The work plan chart is shown below. Activities (what) Time frame (When) Persons Responsible (Who) Completion Indicators/outputs Proposal Writing 2-3 weeks The project coordinator Generation of objectives Data collection 1-8 weeks Field assistants Critical data Data Evaluation 1-2 weeks Project planner Critical information for decision making Assenting the program 1-2 weeks Relevant authorities Commencement The planner utilizes a Gant chart to show how activities will be fulfilled. A Gant chart shows input of time, money and other resources. The required time to perform various activities in each area of work is estimated. Interrelationships with other areas of work are discussed and coordination would be agreed upon. Each activity is then schedul ed by being drawn to a scale on the chart as a bar. The chart reveals periods when different staff have agreed to be working on various activities of the project. The Gant chart for the Skype program is shown below. Gant Chart (Weeks) Program Evaluation Just as a planner has to anticipate implementation process and plan for it before actual implementation starts, he or she has to anticipate for monitoring and evaluation, as well as plan for them before actual implementation. Monitoring and evaluation need to be in-built in the implementation process. As the Skype program is being implemented, it is necessary to monitor its progress and to ensure that activities are being carried out according to the plan. Monitoring is usually done continuously (Helitzer, Sanders, Roybal, Deusen, 2010). It is important to consider the type of monitoring and how it would be carried out. In addition to monitoring the Skype program, the planner is also to carry put a detailed evaluation of the progra m. This is done after completion of the program or at specific points in the implementation process. Evaluation calls for collection of additional data, which are related to the project. Evaluation helps the planner to identify new problems or issues, which should become the focus of planning in future. Generally, monitoring and evaluation are means of measuring past successes and failures, as well as providing information needed to improve future planning activities (Knepper, 2010). In the Skype program, evaluation would involve periodic review of the project inputs, activities and outputs. In this case, the resources used in putting up the online call center, the activities undertaken such as delegating duties and the achievements such as improved standards of living would be measured. References Barreto, R. (2004). Diversity Perspectives for Social Work Practice. Journal of Sociology Social Welfare, 31(3), 190-191. Blair, R. (1998). Strategic Planning for Economic Development: A Suggested Model for Program Evaluation. Public Administration Quarterly, 22(3), 331-348. Celotta, B., Sobol, B. (1983). Needs Assessment: Reconciliation of Children, Parent and Teacher Views. Journal of Education, 83(104), 176-179. Conyers, D (1982). An Introduction to Social Planning in the Third World. New York: Wiley. Friedman, L., Schrieber, L. (2008). Healthy Families America State Systems Development, Journal of Prevention Intervention in the Community, 34(1), 67-87. Glauser, W. (2011).The Skype solution. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 183(12), 98. Hassan, A., Kamarudin, N., Ahmad, J., Baki, R. (2009). The solution of Social Problems from the Perspective of Philosophy of Education. The International Journal of the Humanities, 7(2), 27-34. Helitzer, D., Sanders, M., Roybal, S., Deusen, I. (2010). Evaluation for Community Based Programs: The integration of Logic Models and Factor Analysis. Evaluation and Program Planning, 33(2), 223-233. Kettner, P., Moroney, R., Ma rtin, L. (2008). Designing and managing programs: an effectiveness-based approach (3rd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publications. Knepper, H. (2010). Review of â€Å"Designing and Managing Programs: An Effectiveness-Based Approach†. Administration of Social Work, 34(1), 107-108. Langlois, M., Hallam, J. (2010). Integrating Multiple Health Behavior Theories Into Program Planning: The PER Worksheet. Health Promotion Practice, 11(2), 282-288. Olsen, D. (2004). Transition to Adulthood: The Important Role of the Pediatrician. Pediatrics, 113(3), 159-162. Pennig, S. (2006). HPM: A model to relate costs, benefits, and strategic impact of human resource programs. Performance Improvement Journal, 11(6), 17-22. Secret, M., Abell, M., Berlin, T. (2011). The Promise and Challenge of Practice-Research Collaborations: Guiding Principles and Strategies for Initiating, Designing, and Implementing Program Evaluation Research. Academic Journal, 56(1), 9-20. Waterston, A. (1965). Development Pl anning: Lessons of Experience. Baltimore: John Hopkins Press. This proposal on Program Planning and Evaluation was written and submitted by user Alexa T. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Finding Musicality in Your Writing

Finding Musicality in Your Writing Every time you put pen to paper or fingers to the keyboard, you are delivering an image to the world. Its an image of who you are and, more importantly, how you communicate. If you want to stand out in written communication, you need to take another important step. You need to add musicality to your writing.What is musicality in writing anyway? Is it special words or phrasing? Is it rhythm or a particular beat? Is it a special combination of sentences? Is it the varied patterns of your words? Its all of these and more. Musicality is your communication brand- who you are as a writer. Musicality is your unique image, but its an image that appears in print instead of as a picture or an item you buy. So, how do you find it?Producing musicality in writing is similar in many ways to what a composer, a painter, a software programmer, or a designer does. It is seeking out and recognizing the unique sound patterns that you alone can produce on paper. That pattern is based on the words you cho ose and how you combine them to create your personal writing melody.Every piece of writing has a rhythm and its own particular beat. If youve ever read a passage in a letter or a research paper, a proposal or brochure, or a novel that you found really stayed with you, youve probably experienced musicality. To explain what happens a bit more precisely, think of attitude. Everything we write has its own special attitude. That attitude is the soul of the writing. A writer wants to communicate some part of himself or herself to an audience. Most writers spend a lot of time seeking the right attitude for a piece of writing. There are different attitudes of course for different audiences and different genres of writing, but the goal is always to express that one best attitude in every piece you write, Musicality must have attitude.To understand attitude better, think of the following scenario. Think of yourself as being in a crowded room and wanting to be heard over the noise. You want pe ople to hear what you will say because what you have to say is important. You climb on a chair and start to speak, but you dont yell. You whisper. Everyone looks at you high on that chair and becomes silent. You have them. If as a writer, you create an attitude that works, the readers in the back of your creative room will hear you just as clearly. You will drop a pin in that crowded room, and your readers will be suddenly silent because your pin is a huge diamond. Thats the kind of silence you want in writing. Attitude comes from musicality.To use another analogy, think about the theme of your favorite movie, and then think what that movie would be like if the movie theme were missing and there was only silence as the action scenes raced across the screen. Can you imagine Superman, Star Wars, or Jurassic Park without their musical scores, without their repeating themes? Musicality in writing produces a similar background for your writing. Musicality offers the same flow of scene, emotionality, and direct focus that great movies themes give to great films. Musicality is the rhythm of syllables becoming words, the flow of phrasing that becomes fascinating, and memorable repetitive patterns, or even jolting change that stops you cold. Its that unique sound that comes from hearing just the right word combined in just the right turn of phrase to communicate just the right idea at the right moment.Musicality in writing is a bit like a lyrical song or the repetitive beat in great jazz. It is a pattern you create to communicate an idea. It grabs your attention, holds you in its grasp, and replays in your memory long after the song is ended or the music stops. All of us can remember a special line from a song we loved or a bar of music we hummed. It replays in our heads over and over for hours as we go on with our daily lives. Musicality in writing is the same special combination of sound. Word juxtaposition, phrasing rhythm, and tonal sounds all produce a totality t hat becomes magical. If you can find such magic in your writing, whatever the goal for your piece, youll have in hand a unique communication that creates an unbroken bond with your reader. That bond can be to a sales letter, a brochure, a statement of purpose, a recommendation letter, a technical explanation, or a scientific abstract – it doesnt matter the purpose or the genre or the length. The concept is the same. Once you place your personal style of musicality on a piece of writing, that piece will engage your reader, excite the senses, and be remembered. It will also influence, and its ideas will be handed on to others.Rhythm is a pattern like those you hear in jazz as in Dave Brubecks famous Take Five. That piece has a wonderful precise theme that keeps repeating and reappearing in different arrangements. You remember it. Ive always wanted to write as well as George Gershwin wrote music. Listen to Rhapsody in Blue or An American in Paris sometime, and youll understand m usicality. Gershwin delivered an emotion in those pieces that we still can feel today, and he did it with tone and rhythm and musical themes.Musicality is a chosen pattern of words you consciously place in your writing. It lets words move in concert across the page. It can be syllables, or alliteration or use of metaphor or a simile, or a pattern of sounds that you determine is a crazy pattern for your piece. It is a pattern that continues on and joins with itself and is only interrupted when you want it to do so for a specific purpose. When you read aloud a piece that has musicality, it moves easily with highs and lows, and the sounds of the syllables blending naturally to communicate a precise sound you can physically hear, a sound that hopefully matches the theme.As you write, listen carefully to the words and phrases, and sentences you create. Listen for the unique meter or rhythm of your words as your ideas develop and become sentences and then paragraphs. Listen for natural so und breaks too. They will tell you where the idea breaks occur. Listen to your introductory words and notice where you placed them and how the musicality and meaning changed when you changed the placement of certain words. Notice where the rhythm and the flow changes, and ask yourself, Is this what I want right now?You might call musicality the heartbeat of a piece of writing. The heart has its own beat that we all can hear when were quiet – ba- dum, ba-dum, ba-dum. Poems have their own heartbeat too. Its called meter. It can be iambic pentameter or singsong, or one of many combinations with different weights for different syllables. Everyday speech has its own rhythm and sound. Listen to people talk when youre at the mall or in a restaurant. That is musicality. Different languages have their own musicality, and all cultures have their own.If you listen to your thoughts as you write them and then listen to the actual sound they make as you edit and revise, youll develop your own brand of musicality. You will conduct an orchestra of ideas. Eventually, youll learn to recognize when your writing is off-key and learn how to rearrange the sounds and rhythms and louds and softs to bring your writing back in tune again. Youll really hear your writing. If you listen well, you will write well and better.

How to Write a Patent Claim

How to Write a Patent Claim Claims are the parts of a patent which define the boundaries of patent protection. Patent claims are the legal basis for your patent protection. They form a protective boundary line around your patent that lets others know when they are infringing on your rights. The limits of this line are defined by the words and phrasing of your claims. As the claims are key to receiving complete protection for your invention, you may wish to seek professional help to ensure that they are properly drafted. When writing this section you should consider the scope, characteristics, and structure of the claims. Scope Each claim should have only one meaning which can be either broad or narrow, but not both at the same time. In general, a narrow claim specifies more details than a broader claim. Having many claims, where each one is a different scope allows you to have legal title to several aspects of your invention. Here is an example of a broad claim (claim 1) found in a patent for a collapsible tent frame. Claim 8 of the same patent is narrower in scope and focuses on a specific aspect of one element of the invention. Try reading through the claims for this patent and notice how the section begins with broad claims and develops towards claims that are narrower in scope.​ Important Characteristics Three criteria to take note of when drafting your claims are that they should clear, complete, and supported. Every claim must be one sentence, as long or as short a sentence as required to be complete. Be Clear Your claim must be clear so that you do not cause the reader to speculate about the claim. If you find yourself using words such as thin, strong, a major part, such as, when required, then you are probably not being clear enough. These words force the reader to make a subjective judgment, not an objective observation. Be Complete Each claim should be complete so that it covers the inventive feature and enough elements around it to put the invention in the proper context. Be Supported The claims have to be supported by the description. This means that all the characteristics of your invention that form part of the claims must be fully explained in the description. In addition, any terms you use in the claims must be either found in the description or clearly inferred from the description. Structure A claim is a single sentence composed of three parts: the introductory phrase, the body of the claim, and the link that joins the two. The introductory phrase identifies the category of the invention and sometimes the purpose, for example, a machine for waxing paper, or a composition for fertilizing soil. The body of the claim is the specific legal description of the exact invention which is being protected. The linking consists of words and phrases such as: which comprisesincludingconsisting ofconsisting essentially of Note that the linking word or phrase describes how the body of the claim relates to the introductory phrase. The linking words are also important in assessing the scope of the claim as they can be restrictive or permissive in nature. In the following example, A data input device is the introductory phrase, comprising is the linking word, and the rest of the claim is the body. Example of a Patent Claim A data input device comprising: an input surface adapted to be locally exposed to a pressure or pressure force, a sensor means disposed below the input surface for detecting the position of the pressure or pressure force on the input surface and for outputting an output signal representing said position and, an evaluating means for evaluating the output signal of the sensor means. Keep in Mind Just because one of your claims is objected to does not mean that the rest of your claims are invalid. Each claim is evaluated on its own merit. This is why it is important to make claims on all aspects of your invention to ensure that you receive the most protection possible. Here are some tips on writing your claims. Decide which are the essential elements of your invention that you want to claim exclusive rights to. These elements should be the ones that distinguish your invention from known technology.Begin with your broadest claims and then progress to narrower claims.Start claims on a new page (separate from the description) and number each claim using Arabic numbers starting with 1.Precede your claims with a short statement such as I claim:. In some patents, this reads as The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:Check to see that each claim consists of an introduction, linking word, and body. One way of ensuring that specific inventive features are included in several or all claims is to write an initial claim and refer to it in claims of narrower scope. This means that all the features in the first claim are also included in the subsequent claims. As more features are added the claims become narrower in scope.

Organizational Structure Presentation Communication Methods Essay - 1

Organizational Structure Presentation Communication Methods - Essay Example There must be effective communication at different levels in order for medical practitioners and other health care providers to operate efficiently. The managers should support open communication within the organization. In addition, the managers in the organization will be responsible for communicating to the junior workers, telling them what they are expected to do and the issues concerning the new strategy to be introduced (long-term care services). Communication should easily flow from one department to the other or from one person to another. Subordinates should have the feeling that they are authorized to ask questions and raise issues about processes and advancements involved in this new strategy. Similarly, all employees should communicate efficiently with the patient and family (Buchbinder & Shanks, 2012). Poor communication always threatens the life of patients. Communication with the patient or family is important because it will provide information concerning the conditio n of the patient. Apart from communicating treatment instructions, workplace communication also delivers information concerning the condition of the patient and diagnosis. Open communication and the generosity of sharing information create greater action and improved efficiency. Through collaborative leadership, the manager will always concentrate on building consensus and upright interpersonal associations. This will happen through participation and communication. The main importance of open communication is its ability to increase the level of transparency in an organization. The process improves trust between different levels of workers. Lack of effective communication in an organization can lead to anger, pressure and feelings of insecurity at the workplace. Good communication allows workers to feel as part of the organization. They will also feel

RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE & COMMUNITY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE & COMMUNITY - Essay Example nd methods to use to reach their end in their faith, while in a little tradition, the practitioners are limited to each other and the knowledge that has been passed down from one person to another. A prime example between the two traditions can be seen in Catholicism, the difference between the Pope and the other followers of the religion. The Pope has studied it in the sense of the greater tradition - through books, training, and practice; the other practitioners, the ones that attend the church are those that practice the little tradition. The Pope practices Catholicism the way it was intended to be practiced, yet the church-goers do what can be informally considered "second best". There are those still that do not attend a church, but practice in the ways that they were taught by others, by traditions passed down to them. The differences lie with the clergy, the smaller groups, and the individuals. As there is very little distinction between the different ways that Catholicism can be practiced, even between the Pope and individuals of society, there is hardly a noticeable effect. Each person and each group practices how they are able to; in a way, changing the traditions is necessary, as it allows each person or each group to fully understand the finer points of their religion. Some people would not get out of books what the Pope is able to, so they work with what they have an easier time understanding. In the same sense, the changes are good - they help to bring people closer to that religion. When a person realizes that cannot achieve something one way, they improvise with another way that they are comfortable with. Many religions are seldom what they had originally been, owing to the fact that not everyone was fortunate enough to study it in the great tradition, so they resorted to what they

Impact of Tourism on the Hula

Impact of Tourism on the Hula Introduction: The performances of Hula represent traditions, histories customs of Hawaiian Culture. The nature of tourism industry impacts on the art of Hula as the performance is represented. The representation of Hula is modified and reduced to meet tourists expectations.ÂÂ   When most tourists think about Hula, the first impression in their mind is the head moving Hula dancer doll which is placed on the dashboard of American cars. Hula is being performed knowing the knowledge and the interest level of the tourists about the Hawaiian culture. Traditional hula was performed by men and women together, however, now only female dancers perform on stage wearing coconut bras and grass skirts, therefore, the Tourist Art is a useful term to describe the representation of Hula at tourist venues in the Asia-Pacific region. (Brush, 2005) Hula is ancient Polynesian dance which is performed by chants bodily gestures. This dance form was developed by Polynesians who settled in the Hawaiian Islands. Hula has become the symbol of Hawaii and the culture of Hawaiian people. The hula is performed by both men and women but as per the claim of Hawaiians, it was only performed by the men. The Hula only represents the dance form of Hawaiians, all other Polynesian cultures have their own dance forms. For example, The Samoans dance form is called the sasa or lapalapa, the Maoris dance form is called haka, the Tongans dance form is called lakalaka and the Tahitians dance form is called aparima. There are many types of hula in the Hawaiian culture but two main types hulas Hula Auana and Hula Kahiko are more famous than the others. Hula Kahiko is an ancient form of hula which was performed by the Hawaiians wearing traditional costumes and signing ancient chants before western came to Hawaii. Hula Auana was developed with the involve ment of westerns in 19th 20th century. This art form was performed with the westerns outfits and musical instruments like guitar and drums. In the 19th century, with the influence of Christianity hula started disappearing and became a forgotten art. The hula was changed and recreated drastically in the beginning of 20th century and became a commodity performed for tourists, such as the Kodak Hula Show. The traditional hula was preserved by only a few practitioners in the community. (Lakainapali, 2004) The tourism industry developed in the mid of 19th century with the advancement in the aviation industry. And with the same new class of people called Tourist was born with the desire to explore the world and different culture. The hula was transformed into Tourist Art when it became a paid performance to entertain the tourists. The Royal Hawaiian hotel changed the performance of Hula to increase tourists interest into how and who can perform the Hula in front of the tourists. The normal tourist was looking to visit Hawaii in search of Island Life and how Authentic people live with nature and live their life. The tourists were visiting Hawaii to see the life before modernization. So the performances were recreated in order to increase interest level of the tourists which alienated locals and the local Hawaiian people started thinking that these performances are only designed for the tourists only and it created a negative impression. To the Hawaiian people the image of hula girl is de meaning. Tourists believe that the hula girl and represented hulas are Authentic Hawaiian. However, These performances are nothing but the adopted version of the original hula. Another reason for the hula modification was to manage and complete the hula representation on time and within the tourists time schedule. The tourists are visiting Hawaii for the limited period of time where they expect to know about Hawaiian life and culture as much as possible. As their time is divided among different activities they are going to do on the island, they have very limited time for the hula performance. The traditional hula was unnecessarily sexualized and made sensual, the movement of hips and legs in dance steps are seen as sexual by the visitors. As per the writer Molly Brush, till 1950s the hula was transformed totally into tourist commodity. In 1920s the hula was performed in the theaters in solos, this performance was performed by mainly local Hawaiian people in Hawaiian language and dances were allowed to have their original look which made hula authentic. However, in 1950s the hula was shifted to outdoor stage and was performed by a large number of dancers. They also added the Tahitian fire dance into the performance to increase the element of interest and entertainment. The hand movement and gestures were changed and by the time it was no longer preference of individuals, all the dancers had to move hips and hand gestures at the same time. Once the hotel started charging the tourist for the for the hula performance, it became the most profitable tourist attraction. The tourist from 1920s was not looking for entertainment; they were in search to know the culture. The tourists wanted to see every dance to perform hula as per their own creative ways and ideas.ÂÂ   However, now it was converted to solely entertainment. (Brush, 2005) On October 12, 1963, the theme park was opened in Oahu Hawaii with name of the Polynesian Cultural Center. The PPC was established by Mormon Church in forty acres of land with theater, gift shops, restaurants and the seven Polynesian villages representing the culture of different Polynesian islands such as Hawaii, Samoa, Fiji, Tahiti, Tonga and Aotearoa. Each village was build with the different replicas of different islands demonstrating the crafts, daily customs and arts. The PCC claimed itself living museum and preserves and demonstrates and art and culture of Polynesia. (Purpose And History Of Polynesian Cultural Center) The center started charging tourists forty dollars and promised tourist to show the islands as they hoped the way it would be. However, these activities were performed by the Mormon Church College students who are pretending be real Polynesians and doing traditional activities in authentic native dresses. The PCC was started getting criticism from historians and anthropologists for earning revenue in the name of preserving culture and authenticity. As per the writer T. D. Webb, tourist art is the art which is recreated for the tourists and the purpose of this art to provide entertainment, souvenirs, and mementos to the tourists. The intention of producing a Tourist art to gain economic benefits and to increase business based on cultural tourism. The PCC and The Royal Hawaiian Hotel has produced this tourist art to create audiences which are the tourists and to earn revenue out of it. The article of Molly Brush was in brief about how hula was modified from 1920s to 1950s and how the changed tourists requirements changed the form of hula. The idea and definition given by T.D. Webb seem more comparable to the term tourist art.ÂÂ   (Webb, 1994) The authenticity means which is original, real and genuine. However, everyone has a different argument when it comes to authenticity in the tourism. It is very difficult to create cultural tourism which is suitable to all tourists needs. Authenticity is divided between two forms, product, and experience. The authenticity of the product can be easily measured such as crafts, carvings, and paintings which a tourist can buy in a physical form. And the other form of authenticity is experience, which is very crucial, this authenticity can be in form of plays, dances, and culture that tourist can see and feel. In the 19th century, when tourists interest increased in Hawaiian culture, the Royal Hawaiian Hotel started performances of hula as a commodity as a staged authenticity. Staged authenticity is when host organization recreates the form of a culture which is representing local culture, values, and lifestyle of the local people. Culture, values and traditions are valuable to local peopl e which are being ignored and beings less important against that tourist wants to see and would like to pay for. (Taylor, 2001) Conclusion: The commoditization of hula is the result of religious changes, modernizations and colonialism. And the Royal Hawaiian Hotel took the opportunity and changed hula performance into commodity. The most tourists visiting Hawaii are interested in Hawaii Culture and would like to know the authentic culture of Hawaiian people. The regular tourist and Hawaiian people, who are leaving in Hawaii from many years, are disappointed that the hula is being forgotten art and they are unable to see authenticity. Many native Hawaiian believes that its very important for tourists to respect Hawaiian culture and for the same the tourists should experience the real native Hawaiian culture. Tourism plays very important role in recreating the way tourists will know the new culture and different people. Its a responsibility of people who are involved in tourism business to present correct way of cultural tourism. They might claim that tourism has increased visitors in Hawaii and its beneficial for the econ omy of Hawaii, however these businesses had only created jobs in Hawaii as Waiters and Maids. The performance of hula can be impressive even without sexualized costumes.

Why Did Hitler Hate the Jews?

In this book the end of more than three decades of historiographical research on Nazi Germany is talked about by one of the period’s most distinguished historians. The book brings together the most important pieces of Ian Kershaw’s research on the Holocaust for the first time. The writings are arranged in three sections—Hitler and the Final Solution, popular opinion and the Jews in Nazi Germany, and the Final Solution in historiography. Vail-Ballou Press. Binghamton, New york. In this book, Anti-Semitism that spread quickly is talked about.The author, Yehuda Bauer shows how Hitler’s actions affected the Holocaust in a way that anyone could understand. Survivors of the Holocaust are also introduced in the book. History about concentration camps, the inmates of them and stories told by inmates are told to readers. Scholastic Inc. Danbury, CT. 2001. This book shows inside one of the most tragic events of history, the Holocaust. It gives you a description of t he history of the Jews, Christians and the history of Anti-Semitist. David Crowe allows you to see how Adolf Hitler was able to bend to the mind of many Germans and Nazis. 008 Westview Press. Boulder, Colorado David M. Crowe. In this journal, Hitler’s Anti-Semitism is shown through many different views. Some people have recognized Hitler’s actions against the Jews as pure evil and nothing more or less. Many see his actions as simple immoral. Whereas others believe that you could look deeper into it, as if there are deeper reasons behind Hitler’s morals. 2008. Analytic Press, Inc. Hillsdale, NJ. In this book, the top 10 choices of history to Ian Kershaw are chosen. A choice by Hitler happens to be one of them.Although it may seem as if it has little to do with his hatred for Jews, it plays a part in the war; which would tie it in with his Anti-Semitism. Hitler decides to declare war on the U. S. after the attack on Pearl Harbor and it turns the odds against him. Important decisions are told about not only Hitler but Stalin, Roosevelt and etc. 2007. The Penguin Press. New York, NY In this online passage, one would say that Hitler’s hatred for the Jews was from jealousy. He was an aspiring artist and at the time many Jewish people were getting the spotlight in the artistic field, which Hitler didn’t like.He did not want politics soiled by Jewish people and believed that an Anti-Semitist economy was best. http://www. jewishvirtuallibrary. org/jsource/Holocaust/hitler. html Martin Gilbert narrates the story of Jews during the time of WWII in the form of a picture book. This book shows the good days, the bad days, the horrific days and the days where Jews were uplifted and joyful. The tragic history of the Jewish people during the Holocaust is seen through the books in picture form, allowing one to understand the record of the Jews during the 20th century. Schocken Books. New York, New York.